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Serikali Yatoa Tamko Polisi Kuua Raia

Polisi Kuua Raia
Dar es Salaam. Serikali imetoa tamko bungeni kuhusu mauaji ya raia mikononi mwa polisi ikieleza kuwa sheria ya kanuni ya adhabu inaruhusu kutumia nguvu za kadiri hata kiasi cha kusababisha madhara au kifo.

Kauli hiyo imekuja siku chache baada ya Waziri Mkuu, Mizengo Pinda kunukuliwa bungeni akiwataka polisi kuwashughulikia kwa kuwapiga watu wote wanaokaidi kutii sheria.
“…Nasema wapigwe tu, maana tumechoka sasa,” alisema Pinda alipojibu maswali ya papo hapo Alhamisi iliyopita.
Akisoma tamko hilo bungeni jana, Naibu Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani, Pereira Ame Silima alisema kuwa kifungu cha 18(B) na 18(C) cha Sheria ya Kanuni ya Adhabu kinatoa uwezo kisheria wa kutumia nguvu za kadiri hata ikibidi kiasi cha kusababisha madhara au kifo katika mazingira ya kisheria.

Aliyataja mazingira hayo kuwa ni pamoja na kuokoa uhai wa mtu mwingine, kuzuia madhara makubwa ya mwili yasitokee kwake au kwa mtu mwingine na kumzuia mtu anayetenda tendo ovu la kubaka au kunajisi mtoto au kufanya vitendo kinyume na maumbile.

Pia kumzuia mtu anayevunja nyumba usiku au unyang’anyi wa kutumia silaha au kuchoma nyumba moto au kufanya kitendo chochote kinachohatarisha uhai wa mtu au mali.

Alieleza kuwa Kifungu cha 18 na 18(A) cha Sheria ya Adhabu Sura namba16 iliyofanyiwa mapitio mwaka 2002, kinampa haki mtu yeyote akiwemo askari kujilinda, kumlinda mtu mwingine, kulinda mali yake au mali ya mtu mwingine ikiwemo ya Serikali na taasisi zake, ambayo iko chini ya uangalizi wake kisheria.

Kauli hiyo ya Serikali kuhusu mauaji ya raia mikononi mwa polisi, ilitolewa ikiwa ni ufafanuzi wa jibu la swali la nyongeza lililoulizwa bungeni Mei 28,2013 na Rashir Ally Abdalah (Tumbe-CUF), ambapo Silima alisema mauaji yanayofanywa na askari polisi ni mauaji ya kisheria. Kutokana na kauli hiyo, Mbunge wa Wawi, Hamad Rashi Mohammed aliomba mwongozo wa spika kupata ufafanuzi wa kauli hiyo, na jana Silima kutoa kauli ya Serikali kujibu mwongozo huo.

“Ikumbukwe pia kuwa, kifungu cha 29 cha Sheria ya Jeshi la Polisi na Polisi wasaidizi Sura322, pamoja na Kanuni za Kudumu za Utendaji za Jeshi la Polisi Na274, vinampa haki ya kisheria askari polisi kubeba na kutumia silaha za moto ikiwamo bunduki na mabomu katika utekelezaji wa majukumu yake ya kila siku..,”alisema Silima.

Alifafanua kwamba katika kutafsiri sheria, kanuni na taratibu mbalimbali ikiwamo alizozitaja, mahakama katika nyakati tofauti imetoa msimamo wa kisheria juu ya suala hilo.

Akitoa mfano alisema: “Mathalan katika kesi ya Seif Mohamed Senzagala dhidi ya Jamhuri ya mwaka 1994 kama ilivyonukuliwa na Tanzania Law Report ukurasa wa 122, ambapo mshitakiwa (mwomba rufaa) alimjeruhi kwa panga mlalamikaji ambaye alimfuata nyumbani kwake na kuanza kumshambulia.”

Alisema katika kesi hiyo,mahakama ya rufaa pamoja na kuridhia uamuzi wa mahakama ya awali wa kumtia hatiani kwa kutumia nguvu kupita kiasi, ilibainisha kuwa mshtakiwa hakustahili adhabu kwani alitenda kosa lile wakati akijihami dhidi ya mashambulizi toka kwa mlalamikaji.

“Kwa msingi huo, tarehe 28 Mei, 2013 wakati nikijibu swali Na 290, nilitumia maneno ‘mauaji yanayofanywa kisheria’ nikimaanisha mauaji yanayotokea katika mazingira niliyoeleza..,”alisema Silima.

Hata hivyo alisema siyo nia ya Serikali kuhalalisha vitendo vya matumizi mabaya ya silaha ambavyo vinaweza kufanywa na askari wasio waadilifu.

Alibainisha kuwa Jeshi la Polisi litaendelea kutekeleza majukumu yake kwa mujibu wa sheria, kuheshimu haki za raia na kutumia busara kutatua migogoro.

Hata hivyo, Kambi rasmi ya Upinzani Bungeni imelaani kauli ya Serikali kuhusu mauaji ya raia mikononi mwa polisi iliyoitoa jana na kueleza kuwa haikubaliani nayo kwa kuwa inatoa baraka kwa polisi kuendeleza mauaji ya raia.

Akizungumza na gazeti hili baada ya kikao cha bunge kuahirishwa, Waziri Kivuli wa Mambo ya Ndani wa kambi hiyo rasmi, Vicent Nyerere alisema kauli hiyo ingekuwa na uthabiti kama askari polisi wangekuwa waadilifu.

“Kauli ingekuwa thabiti kama polisi wangekuwa waadilifu. kabla ya kutoa kauli hiyo, Serikali ilitakiwa kuchuja miongoni mwa askari wa jeshi la polisi, wa ngazi zote na kuwaondoa wasio waaadilifu ndipo wakatoa kauli hiyo wananchi wataielewa Serikali,”alisema Nyerere ambaye pia ni Mbunge wa Musoma Mjini(Chadema).

Kwa upande wake, Mbunge wa Ole, (CUF) Rajab Mbarouk Mohammed akizungumzia kauli hiyo ya Serikali alisema kuwa majibu ya Naibu Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani, Pereira Ame Silima ni ya kisiasa.

Alisema kwamba kauli hiyo ni mwendelezo wa kauli iliyotolewa Alhamisi iliyopita na Waziri Mkuu,Mizengo Pinda akiwataka pilisi kuwashughulikia kwa kuwapiga watu wote watakaokaidi kutii sheria.

“Hakuna mwenye haki ya kuua, kuua ni kuua tu. Mahakama pekee ndiyo ina haki ya kuhukumu kifo baada ya kumtia hatiani mshtakiwa husika. Lakini kuwa polisi wanafundishwa utii, siyo kuua,”alisema Rajab.

Alifafanua kuwa kazi ya polisi ni kulinda raia na mali zao na kwamba kuruhusiwa kujihami haimaanishi kuua raia.

Nao Wabunge Aeshi Hilaly na Aly Keissy walisema ni vizuri raia wakatii mamlaka iliyopo na kutekeleza utii wa sheria bila shuruti.

Mbunge wa Kilwa Kaskazini, Murtaza Mangungu alisema: “Maoni yangu haki za watuhumiwa lazima ziheshimiwe.”

Rais wa Chama cha Wanasheria Tanganyika, (TLS), Francis Stola alisema hakuna sheria inayompa mamlaka askari polisi kutumia nguvu za ziada ikiwemo kupiga raia pindi anapotekeleza majukumu yake,isipokuwa tu anaweza kutumia nguvu kiasi iwapo raia anayekabiliana naye anaonyesha vitendo vya kukaidi amri ama kuhatarisha usalama.

Stola ambaye alikuwa akitoa ufafanuzi wa kisheria kuhusiana na kauli bungeni alisema kuwa kwa kufuata sheria polisi haruhusiwi kupiga raia. “ Ukisoma sheria hakuna mahala utakuta kuna neno limeandika piga…. Askari polisi anachoweza kufanya ni arrest(kamata) na siyo vinginevyo, hana mamlaka kabisa ya kupiga raia”

Alisema sheria imetamka wazi kuwa kunapojitokeza hali yoyote inayopaswa kdhibitiwa na vikosi vya ulinzi, nguvu inayopaswa kutumika ni ile ya kawaida na kwamba kitendo cha kutumia risasi za moto ama kupiga raia ni ukiukwaji wa sheria za nchi.

Alisema polisi anapaswa kutoa mwongozo kwa raia kumwelekeza jambo la kufanya iwapo kunajitokeza hali ya sintofahamu,lakini hapaswi kutumia nguvu kupita kiasi ikiwemo kuwapiga raia

“ Sheria inasema wazi kwamba panapojitokeza hali yoyote korofi, polisi wanatakiwa kutumia nguvu ya kawaida tu kukabiliana na hali hiyo na wala siyo kutumia silaha za moto… silaha za moto zinaweza kutumika tu iwapo kunajitokeza tukio ambalo linaweza kuhatarisha usalama wa maisha ama mali isipotee” alisema

Kuhusu wananchi kufanya maandamano, rais huyo alisema maandamano ni haki ya msingi ya kila raia,lakini yanafanyika katika utaratibu maalumu. “ maandamano ni haki ya kila raia lakini panapaswa kuwa na utaratibu maalumu…. Kama kunajitokeza maandamano ambayo hayana utaratibu polisi wanapaswa kutumia reasonable force (nguvu ya kawaida) kudhibiti maandamano hayo na wala siyo kutumia nguvu za ziada.
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Effort to Curb Phone Theft: Apple add “Activation Lock” Samsung add “Kill Switch”

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In their latest products, Apple is adding an “activation lock” option in iOS 7 that would prevent thieves from reactivating a stolen phone, while Samsung has partnered with Absolute Software to add a “kill switch” in the Galaxy S4.

Apple says hundreds of millions of people already use its Find My iPhone feature and noted it is taking things further by preventing unauthorized reactivation for customers that opt to do so.“Apple has led the industry in helping customers protect their lost or stolen devices since the launch of Find My iPhone in 2009 by allowing customers to remotely set a passcode or erase all their personal data,” Apple said in a statement to AllThingsD. “With Activation Lock, Find My iPhone gives customers even more control over their devices and serves as a theft deterrent by requiring an Apple ID and password to turn off Find My iPhone, erase data or re-activate a device.”Mobile security software specialist Lookout, which also took part in Thursday’s meeting,
 said that better protections will not only secure protected devices but also deter overall theft of mobile devices.“To protect consumers from phone theft, we need to make it harder for the bad guys to profit from stealing phones,” Lookout founder and CTO Kevin Mahaffey said in a statement.Read full article: Apple, Samsung Take Steps to Combat Cellphone Theft but Pressed to D

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Facebook is Cloning, but Silicon Valley Can Still Innovate

Facebook

Facebook has been on a cloning tear recently.
The social media company announced that its photo app Instagram was adding support for 15-second videos, a la Twitter's hit Vine app.
There are a few minor differences: Vine is only 6 seconds; Instagram has filters; Vine loops; Instagram lets you delete a clip. But they are essentially the same tool.

This is not the first time Facebook has tried replicating another company's features. It imitated Foursquare with its Places check-ins, Instagram with the Camera app, Twitter with profiles you can follow and Snapchat with the Poke app. Last week, Facebook finally added hashtags, another creation started on Twitter, though the outrage seems to be more that it took so long.
While perhaps disappointing, it is unsurprising that a minor feature gets so much media coverage (Yes. This is my thirdarticle on the topic). Facebook has more than a billion users around the world. Instagram says 130 million people use the photo-sharing service every month, and most will be excited to get a cool new feature like video. In just 24 hours, 5 million videos were uploaded to the service, according to Instagram.

What happens on these tools, even when they are tiny, has an immediate impact on a huge amount of people.
"Facebook is a very important company in the world," said Brian Singerman, a partner at the Founders Fund investment firm. "Anything Facebook does impacts a billion people. That in and of itself, becoming a communications platform for a billion people, is a pretty impressive feat in the world."

The small features can also have big impacts on the company itself. Originality is risky, and Facebook is now a public company tasked with making investors money after a particularly harrowing first year on the stock market.

For Facebook, advertising, particularly on mobile devices, is where that money will come from. In 2012, 84% of Facebook's revenue came from advertising, and videos are going to play a bigger role in future online advertising revenue.

There are no paid ads on Instagram yet, but it is very brand-savvy. A handful of major companies seem to have been given early access to the new feature and posted promotional videos on the service. Major companies to post such videos include Burberry, the Los Angeles Dodgers, Gap and MTV.

The practice of an established company copying successful features isn't new or particular surprising.

According to Chris Dixon of Silicon Valley investment firm Andreessen Horowitz, this is the same pattern that happened 10 or 12 years ago with Microsoft. Intuit would build a cool product for Windows, and then Microsoft would copy it. Borrowing features from other companies and improving on them is part of being competitive.
"It's always a threat, but then you see these things break out," Dixon said.

Facebook's track record has been hit or miss. SnapChat could be one of those breakouts it didn't manage to squash. The independent mobile messaging app has grown in popularity while Facebook's Poke app hasn't caught on.

Experts say Facebook's recent spate of arguably ho-hum announcements isn't an accurate representation of Silicon Valley as a whole. Many early-stage companies, they say, are taking the big risks and working on technology that will change the world.
"Silicon Valley is not just about apps for smartphones and doing a photo-sharing app that has a blue border instead of a red one," Singerman said.

Founder's Fund's own Peter Thiel was an early investor in Facebook, but the firm is now focused on finding companies with very large barriers to entry that cannot be easily be cloned.

Investments include ride-sharing company Lyft, big data company Palantir and space-travel company Space X. It also focuses on companies that are working to solve some of the world's biggest problems, such as health care and energy.

"The issue is, from a (venture capitalist's) perspective, we have moved on," said Navin Chaddha of Mayfield Ventures. "We are working on things that are going to be on the Facebook level in five to 10 years, but mass media is focused on what's already big."

Innovating isn't just for startups. Both Apple and Google have worked on risky products as mature companies, but they are also standing on firmer financial ground. Once it has appeased investors, perhaps Facebook will go back to its "hacking" ethos and release something unexpected and new.

As for the other companies that are busy working on the next big thing, they aren't putting too much energy into organizing press events with Blue Bottle coffee and amazing baked goods because, for now, their business models don't require it. They are aiming higher.
"The only way to get much, much, much larger is to focus on being really valuable to to the world," Singerman said. "They're not doing it for fame; they're doing it for a mission. ... Sometimes those things just take a little longer."
CNN

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